@article {1319462, title = {Trends in dacryocystitis in China: A STROBE-compliant article}, journal = {Medicine (Baltimore)}, volume = {97}, number = {26}, year = {2018}, month = {2018 Jun}, pages = {e11318}, abstract = {The aim of the study was to review the distribution, current trends, and microbiological characteristics of bacterial pathogens isolated from dacryocystitis patients in China during the last 15 years.This is a retrospective multiple-center noncomparative case series. The medical records of 15,452 consecutive patients from 7 cities diagnosed as having dacryocystitis between 2002 and 2016 were reviewed. The patients{\textquoteright} demographics, microbiological data, and antibiotic sensitivity were reviewed and analyzed.A total of 3344 lacrimal sac content cultures were taken (21.6\%) during the study period. A pathogen was identified in 1996 samples (59.7\%), with bacterial isolates accounting for 1902 of the positive cultures (95.3\%). Gram-positive isolates, gram-negative isolates, and anaerobic bacteria were found in 1218 (61.0\%), 607 (30.4\%), and 285 (14.3\%) samples, respectively. An increase in gram-positive isolates over the study duration was found (Pā€Š=ā€Š.003). The predominant isolates were coagulase negative Staphylococci (485, 25.5\%), Staphylococcus aureus (186, 9.8\%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (184, 9.7\%), and Haemophilus influenzae (152, 9.0\%). There was a trend toward increasing resistance to erythromycin from 10.5\% during the first 5 years of the study to 20.7\% during the last 5 years (Pā€Š\<ā€Š.001). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that gatifloxacin was the most effective drug against most of gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria.The microbial culture rate of dacryocystitis in China is low. There was an increase in the percentage of gram-positive bacteria over time. The sensitivity of gram-positive isolates to tested antibiotics is relatively low compared with that of gram-negative isolates. Our data show that the empiric use of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones in refractory dacryocystitis may be justified.}, issn = {1536-5964}, doi = {10.1097/MD.0000000000011318}, author = {Chen, Lijuan and Fu, Tongsheng and Gu, Hao and Jie, Ying and Sun, Zhongmou and Jiang, Donghong and Yu, Jibing and Zhu, Xinxing and Xu, Jianjiang and Hong, Jiaxu} }