@article {1347433,
	title = {Nailfold Capillary Morphology in Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Disease Dementia},
	journal = {J Alzheimers Dis},
	year = {2018},
	month = {2018 Oct 06},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is highly comorbid with Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease (AD), yet its role is not entirely understood. Nailfold video capillaroscopy (NVC) is a noninvasive method of live imaging the capillaries near the fingernail{\textquoteright}s cuticle and may help to describe further vascular contributions to AD. OBJECTIVE: To examine finger nailfold capillary morphology using NVC in subjects with AD dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal cognition (NC). METHODS: We evaluated nailfold capillary hemorrhages, avascular zones >=100 microns, and degree of tortuosity in 28 NC, 15 MCI, and 18 AD dementia subjects using NVC. Tortuosity was measured with a semi-quantitative rating scale. To assess the relation between nailfold capillary morphological features and diagnostic grouping, univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fit to the data. RESULTS: 56\% of subjects with AD dementia compared to 14\% with NC and 13\% with MCI displayed moderate to severe tortuosity. Greater severity of tortuosity was associated with 10.6-fold (95\% confidence interval [CI]: 2.4, 46.2; p = 0.0018) and 7.4-fold (95\% CI: 1.3, 41.3; p = 0.023) increased odds of AD dementia relative to NC and MCI, respectively, after adjusting for multiple covariates. CONCLUSION: Greater nailfold capillary tortuosity was found in participants with AD dementia compared to those with MCI or NC. These data provide preliminary evidence of a systemic microvasculopathy in AD that may be noninvasively and inexpensively evaluated through NVC.},
	issn = {1875-8908},
	doi = {10.3233/JAD-180658},
	author = {Cousins, Clara C and Alosco, Michael L and Cousins, Henry C and Chua, Alicia and Steinberg, Eric G and Chapman, Kimberly R and Bing-Canar, Hanaan and Tripodis, Yorghos and Knepper, Paul A and Stern, Robert A and Pasquale, Louis R}
}
