@article {1347434,
	title = {Diet quality and genetic association with body mass index: results from 3 observational studies},
	journal = {Am J Clin Nutr},
	volume = {108},
	number = {6},
	year = {2018},
	month = {2018 Dec 01},
	pages = {1291-1300},
	abstract = {Background: It is unknown whether dietary quality modifies genetic association with body mass index (BMI). Objective: This study examined whether dietary quality modifies genetic association with BMI. Design: We calculated 3 diet quality scores including the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), the Alternative Mediterranean Diet score (AMED), and the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score. We examined the interactions of a genetic risk score (GRS) based on 97 BMI-associated variants with the 3 diet quality scores on BMI in 30,904 participants from 3 large cohorts. Results: We found significant interactions between total GRS and all 3 diet scores on BMI assessed after 2-3 y, with an attenuated genetic effect observed in individuals with healthier diets (AHEI: P-interaction\&nbsp;=\&nbsp;0.003; AMED: P\&nbsp;=\&nbsp;0.001; DASH: P\&nbsp;=\&nbsp;0.004). For example, the difference in BMI (kg/m2) per 10-unit increment of the GRS was smaller among participants in the highest tertile of AHEI score compared with those in the lowest tertile (0.84; 95\% CI: 0.72, 0.96 compared with 1.14; 95\% CI: 0.99, 1.29). Results were consistent across the 3 cohorts with no significant heterogeneity. The interactions with diet scores on BMI appeared more significant for central nervous system GRSs (P\&nbsp;\&lt;\&nbsp;0.01 for 3 diet scores) than for non-central nervous system GRSs (P\&nbsp;\&gt;\&nbsp;0.05 for 3 diet scores). Conclusions: A higher diet quality attenuated genetic predisposition to obesity. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining a healthful diet for the prevention of obesity, particularly for those individuals with a strong genetic predisposition to obesity. This trial was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry as NCT03577639.},
	issn = {1938-3207},
	doi = {10.1093/ajcn/nqy203},
	author = {Ding, Ming and Ellervik, Christina and Huang, Tao and Jensen, Majken K and Curhan, Gary C and Pasquale, Louis R and Kang, Jae H and Wiggs, Janey L and Hunter, David J and Willett, Walter C and Rimm, Eric B and Kraft, Peter and Chasman, Daniel I and Qi, Lu and Hu, Frank B and Qi, Qibin}
}
