@article {1363184, title = {Ranibizumab is a potential prophylaxis for proliferative vitreoretinopathy, a nonangiogenic blinding disease}, journal = {Am J Pathol}, volume = {182}, number = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {2013 May}, pages = {1659-70}, abstract = {Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) exemplifies a disease that is difficult to predict, lacks effective treatment options, and substantially reduces the quality of life of an individual. Surgery to correct a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment fails primarily because of PVR. Likely mediators of PVR are growth factors in vitreous, which stimulate cells within and behind the retina as an inevitable consequence of a breached retina. Three classes of growth factors [vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs), and non-PDGFs (growth factors outside of the PDGF family)] are relevant to PVR pathogenesis because they act on PDGF receptor α, which is required for experimental PVR and is associated with this disease in humans. We discovered that ranibizumab (a clinically approved agent that neutralizes VEGF-A) reduced the bioactivity of vitreous from patients and experimental animals with PVR, and protected rabbits from developing disease. The apparent mechanism of ranibizumab action involved derepressing PDGFs, which, at the concentrations present in PVR vitreous, inhibited non-PDGF-mediated activation of PDGF receptor α. These preclinical findings suggest that available approaches to neutralize VEGF-A are prophylactic for PVR, and that anti-VEGF-based therapies may be effective for managing more than angiogenesis- and edema-driven pathological conditions.}, keywords = {Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Biomarkers, Blindness, Cell Line, Disease Susceptibility, Humans, Mice, Neutralization Tests, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Protein Multimerization, Rabbits, Ranibizumab, Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha, Signal Transduction, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative, Vitreous Body}, issn = {1525-2191}, doi = {10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.01.052}, author = {Pennock, Steven and David Kim and Mukai, Shizuo and Kuhnle, Matthew and Chun, Dal W and Matsubara, Joanne and Cui, Jing and Ma, Patrick and Maberley, David and Samad, Arif and Van Geest, Robert J and Oberstein, Sarit L and Schlingemann, Reinier O and Kazlauskas, Andrius} }