@article {1498238,
	title = {Prevalence and risk factors for visual impairment among elderly residents in {\textquoteright}homes for the aged{\textquoteright} in India: the Hyderabad Ocular Morbidity in Elderly Study (HOMES)},
	journal = {Br J Ophthalmol},
	volume = {105},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	month = {2021 Jan},
	pages = {32-36},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND/AIM: To investigate the prevalence, causes and risk factors of visual impairment (VI) among the elderly in {\textquoteright}home for the aged{\textquoteright} in Hyderabad, India. METHODS: Individuals aged >=60 years were recruited from 41 {\textquoteright}homes for the aged{\textquoteright}. All participants had complete eye examinations including presenting visual acuity, refraction, slit-lamp examination, intraocular pressure measurement and fundus imaging by trained clinicians. VI was defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 6/18 in the better eye. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors associated with VI. RESULTS: 1512 elderly residents from 41 homes for the aged were enumerated, of whom 1182 (78.1\%) were examined. The mean age of examined participants was 75.0 years (SD 8.8 years; range: 60-108 years); 35.4\% of those examined were men. The prevalence of VI was 30.1\% (95\% CI 27.5 to 32.8). The leading cause of VI was cataract (46.3\%, n=165), followed by uncorrected refractive error (27.0\%, n=96), posterior capsular opacification (14.9\%, n=53) and posterior segment disease (6.5\%, n=23). Overall, 88.2\% of the VI was either treatable or correctable. In multiple logistic regression, those aged 80 years and older (OR: 1.7, p\&lt;0.01), living in {\textquoteright}free{\textquoteright} homes (OR: 1.5, p\&lt;0.01) and who were immobile/bedridden (OR: 3.02, p\&lt;0.01) had significantly higher odds of VI. Gender was not associated with VI. CONCLUSIONS: VI was common and largely avoidable in residents of {\textquoteright}homes for the aged{\textquoteright} in Hyderabad, India. Screening for vision loss in {\textquoteright}homes for aged{\textquoteright} and the provision of appropriate services should become routine practice to achieve the goal of healthy ageing in India.},
	issn = {1468-2079},
	doi = {10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-315678},
	author = {Marmamula, Srinivas and Barrenakala, Navya Rekha and Challa, Rajesh and Kumbham, Thirupathi Reddy and Modepalli, Satya Brahmanandam and Yellapragada, Ratnakar and Bhakki, Madhuri and Khanna, Rohit C and Friedman, David S}
}
