@article {1586178,
	title = {Response to the Second TNF-α Inhibitor (Adalimumab or Infliximab) after Failing the First One in Refractory Idiopathic Inflammatory Retinal Vascular Leakage},
	journal = {Ocul Immunol Inflamm},
	year = {2021},
	month = {2021 Mar 01},
	pages = {1-10},
	abstract = {: To determine the response to the second TNF-α inhibitor (adalimumab and infliximab) after failing the first agent in idiopathic inflammatory retinal vascular leakage.: This was a retrospective observational case series. Patients with the diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory retinal vascular leakage who had received both infliximab and adalimumab were included in the study.: Twelve and 15 patients received adalimumab (Group one) and infliximab (Group two) as the first treatment, respectively. The remission rates between Group one (58.3\%) and Group two (66.7\%) were not statistically significant. ( =\&nbsp;.4) As the second agent, adalimumab was more effective in younger patients (27.5\&nbsp;{\textpm}\&nbsp;20.6) compared to older patients (48.75\&nbsp;{\textpm}\&nbsp;10.2). ( =\&nbsp;.03). Moreover, patients with lower vision responded marginally better to infliximab as the second treatment ( =\&nbsp;.06).: Either TNF-α inhibitor, adalimumab and infliximab, can be employed in the treatment of the patients with idiopathic inflammatory retinal vascular leakage who fail one of these agents.},
	issn = {1744-5078},
	doi = {10.1080/09273948.2020.1869787},
	author = {Maleki, Arash and Garcia, Cristina M and Asgari, Soheila and Manhapra, Ambika and Foster, Charles Stephen}
}
