@article {1603861,
	title = {Virtual reality prototype for binocular therapy in older children and adults with amblyopia},
	journal = {J AAPOS},
	year = {2021},
	month = {2021 Jul 08},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: To evaluate the best-corrected visual acuity and stereoacuity gains in children \&gt;7 years of age and adults with unilateral amblyopia treated with a prototype virtual reality-based binocular amblyopia therapy. METHODS: In this randomized, double masked, cross-in clinical trial, patients at Boston Children{\textquoteright}s Hospital with unilateral anisometropic and/or strabismic amblyopia and history of prior amblyopia treatment failure were randomized to either a full-treatment group (8 weeks of binocular treatment using therapeutic software application in virtual reality headset) or a sham-crossover group (4 weeks of sham treatment followed by 4 weeks of binocular treatment). Amblyopic eye visual acuity and stereoacuity were evaluated at 4, 8, and 16 weeks{\textquoteright} follow-up. RESULTS: The study cohort included 20 participants (10 females), with a median age of 9 years (range, 7-38 years). In the full-treatment group (11 patients), the mean amblyopic eye logMAR visual acuity at 16 weeks was 0.49 {\textpm} 0.26, compared with 0.47 {\textpm} 0.20 at baseline. In the sham-crossover group, it was 0.51 {\textpm} 0.18 at 16 weeks, compared with 0.53 {\textpm} 0.21 at baseline. Stereoacuity (log arcsec) was significantly improved, from 7.3 {\textpm} 2 at baseline to 6.6 {\textpm} 2.3 at 8 weeks (P \&lt; 0.001) and 6.7 {\textpm} 2.6 at 16 weeks (P \&lt; 0.001). No significant adverse events (diplopia, asthenopia, or worsening strabismus) were noted in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Although the virtual reality-based prototype for binocular amblyopia therapy did not significantly improve visual acuity in the amblyopic eyes of older children and adults, stereoacuity did significantly improve compared with baseline; improvements were clinically minute. However, larger studies are required to confirm the results.},
	issn = {1528-3933},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jaapos.2021.03.008},
	author = {Elhusseiny, Abdelrahman M and Bishop, Kaila and Staffa, Steven J and Zurakowski, David and Hunter, David G and Mantagos, Iason S}
}
