@article {397846, title = {P-selectin Plasma Levels and Genetic Variant Associated With Diabetic Retinopathy in African Americans.}, journal = {Am J Ophthalmol}, volume = {159}, number = {6}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Jun}, pages = {1152-1160.e2}, abstract = {PURPOSE: To report the prevalence and risk factors for retinopathy in African Americans with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and type 2 diabetes in the Jackson Heart Study and to determine if P-selectin plasma levels are independently associated with retinopathy in this population. DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional observational study. METHODS: setting: Community-based epidemiologic study. STUDY POPULATION: Total of 629 patients with type 2 diabetes and 266 participants with impaired fasting glucose. OBSERVATION PROCEDURES: Bilateral, 7-field fundus photographs were scored by masked readers for diabetic retinopathy (DR) level. Covariate data including P-selectin plasma levels and genotypes were collected in a standardized fashion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Association between risk factors, including P-selectin plasma levels and genotypes, and retinopathy. RESULTS: The prevalences of any retinopathy among participants with IFG and type 2 diabetes were 9.4\% and 32.4\%, respectively. Among those with type 2 diabetes, in multivariate models adjusted for age, sex, and other traditional risk factors, higher P-selectin levels were associated with any DR (odds ratio\ = 1.11, 95\% confidence interval\ = 1.02-1.21, P\ = .02) and proliferative DR (odds ratio\ = 1.23, 95\% confidence interval\ = 1.03-1.46, P\ = .02). To further investigate the relationship between P-selectin and DR, we examined the association between P-selectin genotype and DR. Minor allele homozygotes for the variant rs6128 were less likely to develop DR (P after Bonferroni correction\ = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Both serologic and genetic data show an association between P-selectin and DR in the Jackson Heart Study. If confirmed in other studies, this association may provide insight into the pathogenesis of retinopathy.}, issn = {1879-1891}, doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2015.03.008}, author = {Penman, Alan and Hoadley, Suzanne and Wilson, James G and Taylor, Herman A and Chen, Ching J and Sobrin, Lucia} }