@article {416831,
	title = {Drug-induced Bilateral Secondary Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A Literature Synthesis.},
	journal = {J Glaucoma},
	volume = {25},
	number = {2},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016 Feb},
	pages = {e99-e105},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: We performed a literature synthesis to identify the full spectrum of compounds implicated in drug-induced, bilateral secondary angle-closure glaucoma (2{\textdegree} ACG). METHODS: Systematic PubMed literature review identified relevant bilateral 2{\textdegree} ACG case reports. We evaluated these reports with both the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale to assess the causality of reported drug reactions and a 2{\textdegree} ACG scale scoring system we developed to determine the likelihood that the event represented bilateral 2{\textdegree} ACG. Two independent graders performed these analyses and their scores were averaged for interpretation. The Naranjo scale ranges from -4 to +13 and the drug reaction was considered definite if the score was >=9, probable if 5 to 8, possible if 1 to 4, and doubtful if <=0. The 2{\textdegree} ACG score ranges from 0 to 7. We considered a 2{\textdegree} ACG score of >=4 as evidence of significant likelihood that the drug reaction represented bilateral 2{\textdegree} ACG. RESULTS: No drug had a definite Naranjo score, but the following drug entities had probable Naranjo scores and 2{\textdegree} ACG scores >=4: acetazolamide, "anorexiant mix," bupropion, cabergoline, "ecstasy," escitalopram, flavoxate, flucloxacillin, hydrochlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide/triamterene, mefenamic acid, methazolamide, oseltamivir, topiramate, topiramate/bactrim, and venlafaxine. Root chemical analysis revealed that sulfur-containing and non-sulfur-containing compounds contributed to bilateral 2{\textdegree} ACG. CONCLUSIONS: Several compound preparations were implicated in drug-induced bilateral 2{\textdegree} ACG. Treating physicians should be aware that some forms of recreational drug use, which the patient may not admit to, could contribute to this vision-threatening side effect.},
	issn = {1536-481X},
	doi = {10.1097/IJG.0000000000000270},
	author = {Murphy, Rory M and Bakir, Belal and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Colm and Wiggs, Janey L and Pasquale, Louis R}
}
