@article {468956,
	title = {African Ancestry Analysis and Admixture Genetic Mapping for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in African Americans.},
	journal = {Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci},
	volume = {56},
	number = {6},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015 Jun 1},
	pages = {3999-4005},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between proportion of African ancestry (PAA) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and to identify genetic loci associated with PDR using admixture mapping in African Americans with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: Between 1993 and 2013, 1440 participants enrolled in four different studies had fundus photographs graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scale. Cases (n = 305) had PDR while controls (n = 1135) had nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) or no DR. Covariates included diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1C, systolic blood pressure, income, and education. Genotyping was performed on the Affymetrix platform. The association between PAA and PDR was evaluated using logistic regression. Genome-wide admixture scanning was performed using ANCESTRYMAP software. RESULTS: In the univariate analysis, PDR was associated with increased PAA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.36, 95\% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-1.59, P = 0.0002). In multivariate regression adjusting for traditional DR risk factors, income and education, the association between PAA and PDR was attenuated and no longer significant (OR = 1.21, 95\% CI = 0.59-2.47, P = 0.61). For the admixture analyses, the maximum genome-wide score was 1.44 on chromosome 1. CONCLUSIONS: In this largest study of PDR in African Americans with T2D to date, an association between PAA and PDR is not present after adjustment for clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors. No genome-wide significant locus (defined as having a locus-genome statistic \&gt; 5) was identified with admixture analysis. Further analyses with even larger sample sizes are needed to definitively assess if any admixture signal for DR is present.},
	issn = {1552-5783},
	doi = {10.1167/iovs.15-16674},
	author = {Tandon, Arti and Chen, Ching J and Penman, Alan and Hancock, Heather and James, Maurice and Husain, Deeba and Andreoli, Christopher and Li, Xiaohui and Kuo, Jane Z and Idowu, Omolola and Riche, Daniel and Papavasilieou, Evangelia and Brauner, Stacey and Smith, Sataria O and Hoadley, Suzanne and Richardson, Cole and Kieser, Troy and Vazquez, Vanessa and Chi, Cheryl and Fernandez, Marlene and Harden, Maegan and Cotch, Mary Frances and Siscovick, David and Taylor, Herman A and Wilson, James G and Reich, David and Wong, Tien Y and Klein, Ronald and Klein, Barbara E K and Rotter, Jerome I and Patterson, Nick and Sobrin, Lucia}
}
