@article {503981,
	title = {Long-Term (3 Year) Effects of a Single Thermal Pulsation System Treatment on Meibomian Gland Function and Dry Eye Symptoms.},
	journal = {Eye Contact Lens},
	volume = {42},
	number = {2},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016 Mar},
	pages = {99-107},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: The present study examined the long-term (3 years) effects of a single (12 min) thermal pulsation system (TPS) treatment on symptomatic patients with evaporative dry eye disease (DED) secondary to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS: In this prospective, cohort, observational, single-center study design, signs (meibomian gland secretion [MGS] scores and tear film breakup time [TBUT]) and symptoms (Ocular Surface Disease Index [OSDI] and Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness [SPEED] questionnaires) were determined in 20 patients (40 eyes) with MGD and dry eye symptoms at baseline (BL), 1 month, and 3 years post-TPS treatment using LipiFlow. RESULTS: Meibomian gland secretion scores increased from BL (4.5{\textpm}0.8) to 1 month (12.0{\textpm}1.1, P<=0.001). Improvement persisted at 3 years (18.4{\textpm}1.4) relative to BL (P<=0.001). Meibomian gland secretion scores in all regions of the lower eyelid were improved over BL at 1 month (nasal [P<=0.001], central [P<=0.001], temporal [P<=0.01]) and 3 years (nasal [P<=0.001], central [P<=0.001], temporal [P<=0.001]). TBUT increased from BL (4.1{\textpm}0.4) to 1 month (7.9{\textpm}1.4, P<=0.05) but was not significantly different than BL at 3 years (4.5{\textpm}0.6, P\&gt;0.05). The OSDI scores decreased from BL (26.0{\textpm}4.6) to 1 month (14.7{\textpm}4.3, P<=0.001) but returned to BL levels at 3 years (22.5{\textpm}5.4, P\&gt;0.05). The SPEED scores decreased from BL (13.4{\textpm}1.0) to 1 month (6.5{\textpm}1.3, P<=0.001), and this improvement persisted at 3 years (9.5{\textpm}1.6, P<=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Thermal pulsation may be a uniquely efficacious treatment option for DED secondary to MGD in that a single 12-min procedure is associated with significant improvement in MGS and SPEED scores for up to 3 years.},
	issn = {1542-233X},
	doi = {10.1097/ICL.0000000000000166},
	author = {Greiner, Jack V}
}
