Risk factors associated with cystoid macular edema amongst patients undergoing primary repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To investigate predictors of the development and resolution of cystoid macular edema (CME) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study SUBJECTS: Patients who underwent primary repair of uncomplicated RRD. METHODS: Demographics, ophthalmologic history, visual acuity, RRD features, time to development/resolution of CME, OCT characteristics of CME/ERM, type of surgery, and treatments were collected. Logistic regressions were used to identify predictors of CME development and resolution. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Predictors of CME development and resolution. RESULTS: A total of 708 eyes were included, of which 55 (7.8%) developed CME. Factors associated with an increased risk of CME development included total number of retinal detachment surgeries (OR 1.66 [1.24 - 2.23], p <0.001), prior intraocular surgery (OR 4.43 [1.19-16.51], p=0.03) and presence of ERM after surgery (OR 4.49[2.30-8.74], p <0.001). Patients undergoing PPV were more likely to develop CME compared to patients undergoing SB (OR 3.09 [1.18, 8.10], p = 0.02). A longer average time to CME detection was associated with lower CME resolution (OR 0.94 [0.89-0.998], p=0.04). In patients who developed an ERM post-surgically, those who developed CME after ERM had a lower rate of resolution compared to those who developed CME before ERM (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: CME may be more likely to develop in patients undergoing PPV than SB, those who underwent more surgeries for RRD repair, those who had prior intraocular surgery, or those who developed an ERM after RRD repair. Resolution of CME may be affected by the time to detection of CME and ERM development.